with json as
( select '["mit", "nach", "nebst", "bei"]' doc
  from   dual
)
SELECT value
FROM json_table( (select doc from json) , '$[*]'
                COLUMNS (value PATH '$'
                        )
               )

create or replace  
type string_tbl_t as table of varchar2(2000); 

Create generic function to parse JSON array to table of varchar2

create or replace FUNCTION json_array_to_string_tbl ( 
    p_json_array IN VARCHAR2 
    ) RETURN string_tbl_t 
    is 
      l_string_tbl string_tbl_t:= string_tbl_t(); 
    begin 
       if p_json_array is not null and length(p_json_array)>0 
       then 
           SELECT value 
           bulk collect into l_string_tbl 
           FROM json_table( p_json_array, '$[*]' 
                            COLUMNS (value PATH '$' 
                           ) 
          );  
       end if; 
       return l_string_tbl; 
    end json_array_to_string_tbl;

select column_value  
from   table(json_array_to_string_tbl('["mit", "nach", "nebst", "bei"]'))

create type person as object 
( first_name varchar2(50) 
, last_name  varchar2(50) 
);

with json as  
( select '[{"firstName": "Tobias", "lastName":"Jellema"},{"firstName": "Anna", "lastName":"Vink"} ]' doc  
  from   dual  
)  
SELECT first_name 
,      last_name 
FROM  json_table( (select doc from json) , '$[*]'  
                COLUMNS ( first_name PATH '$.firstName'  
                        , last_name PATH '$.lastName'  
                        )  
               )

with json as   
( select '[{"firstName": "Tobias", "lastName":"Jellema"},{"firstName": "Anna", "lastName":"Vink"} ]' doc   
  from   dual   
)   
SELECT person( first_name , last_name) person  
FROM  json_table( (select doc from json) , '$[*]'   
                COLUMNS ( first_name PATH '$.firstName'   
                        , last_name PATH '$.lastName'   
                        )   
               )